Asymmetric vs. Symmetric Encryption

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Symmetric Encryption
Symmetric encryption is a conventional method of Encryption. It is also the simplest of two techniques. Symmetric encryption is executed by means of only one secret key known as ‘Symmetric Key’ that is possessed by both parties. This key is applied to encode and decode the information. The sender uses this key before sending the message and the receiver uses it to decipher the encoded message.

This is a pretty straightforward technique and as a result, it doesn’t take much time. When it comes to transferring huge data, symmetrical keys are preferred. Caesar’s Cipher happens to be a good example of symmetric encryption. Modern approaches of symmetric encryption are executed using algorithms such as RC4, AES, DES, 3DES, QUAD, Blowfish etc.

The most common form of symmetric encryption comes once an encrypted connection has been negotiated between a client and a server with an SSL certificate installed. Once the connection is negotiated, two 256-bit session keys are created and exchanged so that encrypted communication can occur.

Asymmetric Encryption
Asymmetric Encryption is a relatively new and complex mode of Encryption. Complex because it incorporates two cryptographic keys to implement data security. These keys are called a Public Key and a Private Key. The Public key, as the name suggests, is available to everyone who wishes to send a message. On the other hand, the private key is kept at a secure place by the owner of the public key.

The public key encrypts the information to be sent. It uses a specific algorithm in doing so. Whereas, the private key, which is in possession of the receiver, decrypts it. The Same algorithm is behind both these processes.

The involvement of two keys makes Asymmetric Encryption a complex technique. Thus, it proves to be massively beneficial in terms of data security. Diffie-Hellman and RSA algorithm are the most widely used algorithms for Asymmetric Encryption.

Conclusion
Imagine a game being played by two persons (Symmetrical vs Asymmetrical) in which one tries to catch the other one. Every time the catcher comes close to the runner, the runner increases his/her speed to avoid getting caught. This is exactly what is happening in the world of cyber security right now. In this case, the runner is the developer developing new algorithms to keep the ever-improving catcher—cyber-criminal at bay. Therefore, it is a must for users to endorse the latest developments in the security industry.